The Full Read · Article by Article
David Seymour Leibowitz
Southern District of Florida · appt. Biden
7/7
🥇 Fit for the Bench
1Ethics & Recusalcritical
70%★ earned
“No man is allowed to be a judge in his own cause.” — Madison, Federalist No. 10
Wikipedia notes he is a nephew of GOP benefactor Norman Braman, who backed his recommender Sen. Rubio; no ethics complaint resulted.
2Fidelity to Democracycritical
74%★ earned
“…a government of laws, and not of men.” — Marshall, Marbury v. Madison
No documented defiance of higher courts or election-related misconduct; normal fidelity to the rule of law.
3Judicial Temperament
72%★ earned
“Justice must satisfy the appearance of justice.” — Frankfurter
No documented complaints of intemperate conduct; limited public record for a 2024 appointee.
4Reason, Not Ideology
72%★ earned
“We are not final because we are infallible…” — Robert H. Jackson
No documented pattern of ideological reasoning; thin record supports neutral rating.
5Intellectual Honesty & Precedent
72%★ earned
“…to stand by things decided.” (stare decisis) — the common-law maxim
No documented instances of misstating precedent or the record; limited public record.
6Independence from Party
69%★ earned
“The complete independence of the courts of justice is peculiarly essential.” — Hamilton, Federalist No. 78
Family tie to a prominent political donor is documented, but no evidence it affected any ruling; neutral rating.
7Personal Integrity
74%★ earned
“The time is always right to do what is right.” — Martin Luther King Jr.
No documented corruption, criminal, or civil integrity matters; clean personal record.
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Scores are Independent 2026’s own editorial read against the Seven Articles — ≥60% earns the star. The first two Articles are critical: fail Ethics & Recusal or Fidelity to Democracy and there is no seal, whatever else holds. Each Article carries its founding quote as the yardstick. On bias →