“…the property of the people.” — Cicero, De Re Publica
12.4% of receipts from PACs — clean under the 15% cap, and no corporate leadership PAC. (FEC 2026)
60
2Free & Fair Electionscritical
82%★ earned
“The ballot is stronger than the bullet.” — Abraham Lincoln
No 2020 election denial, no fake-elector role, and no documented support for partisan gerrymandering. (Jan 6 roll call; OpenSecrets; redistricting record)
60
3The Dignity of the Opponent
70%★ earned
“Treat humanity … always as an end and never as a means only.” — Kant
Focuses on climate and veterans issues with generally civil tone; no documented dehumanizing rhetoric on record.
60
4Fear Is Not Fuel
66%★ earned
“…the better angels of our nature.” — Lincoln, First Inaugural
Climate messaging carries urgency but is framed as an affirmative agenda rather than personal threat.
60
5Truth & a Kept Word
72%★ earned
“…living within the truth.” A representative owes “his judgment.” — Havel · Burke
No notable fact-check controversies; voting record broadly consistent with stated positions.
60
6Against the Spirit of Party
45%☆ not yet
“The baneful effects of the spirit of party.” — Washington, Farewell Address
Generally a reliable Democratic vote; limited documented record of costly breaks with party.
60
7Morality
75%★ earned
“The time is always right to do what is right.” — Martin Luther King Jr.
No documented corruption, criminal, or credible personal-ethics matter on record.
60
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Scores are Independent 2026’s own editorial read against the Seven Articles — ≥60% earns the star. The first two Articles are critical: fail Open Books or Free & Fair Elections and there is no seal, whatever else holds. Each Article carries its founding quote as the yardstick. On bias →